What is the Internet of Things?

From hair brushes to scales, devices are having chips inserted into them to collect and communicate data.

In the broadest sense, the term IoT (Internet of Things) encompasses everything connected to the internet, but it is increasingly being used to define objects that "talk" to each other. "Simply, the Internet of Things is made up of devices – from simple sensors to smartphones and wearables – connected together".

By combining these connected devices with automated systems, it is possible to "gather information, analyse it and create an action" to help someone with a particular task, or learn from a process. In reality, this ranges from smart mirrors to beacons in shops and beyond.

It's about networks, it's about devices, and it's about data. IoT allows devices on closed private internet connections to communicate with each other in the same network or even with devices in a different network. It gives the opportunity for devices to communicate not only within close silos but across different networking types creating a much more connected world.

Why do connected devices need to share data?

An argument has been raised that only because something can be connected to the internet doesn't mean it should be, but each device collects data for a specific purpose that may be useful to a buyer and impact the wider economy.

Within industrial applications, sensors on product lines can increase efficiency and cut down on waste.

IoT offers us opportunity to be more efficient in how we do things, saving us time and money. It allows companies, governments and public authorities to re-think how they deliver services and produce goods.

The quality and scope of the data across the Internet of Things generates an opportunity for much more contextualised and responsive interactions with devices to create a potential for continued change.

Where does the IoT go next?

We are looking at a future in which companies will indulge in digital evolution, using IoT, AI and machine learning to rapidly evolve in a way we’ve never seen before.

At the centre of creating a vast, reliable IoT network lies one significant issue: compatible standards. Connected objects need to be able to speak to each other to transfer data and share what they are recording. If they all run on different standards, they struggle to communicate and share. 

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Standards Association lists a huge number of standards being developed and worked on for different applications. Additional needs are emerging for standardisation. If standardisation happens it will let more devices and applications be connected.

To try and tackle this issue on an enterprise scale, Microsoft has introduced its own system for IoT devices called "IoT Central". The system gives businesses a managed central platform for setting up IoT devices and Microsoft claims the system will simplify the creation of IoT networks.